Etymology
The name “plecostomus” means “folded mouth” (pleco, see pleat, stoma, mouth), but it has since been applied to any of a large number of species that have a similar shape, but vary widely in terms of maximum length, coloration, and certain body features such as the “horns” on the bristlenose catfish (genus Ancistrus).
Wednesday, 16. January 2013
Bandar Raya Snack II - Wok the Rock
Territorial Behavior
Plecos, when introduced to an aquarium, will often find a permanent resting place (under or inside an ornament or rock, for example) to spend most of their time. This becomes a “home” for the plecostomus. If there are no hiding places, they will sleep in the corner of their tank.
Some fish keepers have trouble housing them in heavily planted aquariums because some plecostomus thrash their tails to develop a “well” in the gravel of the aquarium. It is often necessary to replant aquarium plants that they dislodge.
Diet
Plecos are omnivores. They are not picky eaters. In planted aquariums they will eat any food left behind by other fish as well as naturally growing algae in the tank. They have also been known to have a taste for discus mucus. In tanks without live plants, their diet can be supplemented with sinking fish food, usually algae wafers readily available from a pet store.
Although the plecostomus is a known common algae sucker, it requires more than just pellets and tank algae to eat. It should also be fed algae wafers, zucchini, cucumber, lettuces, peas, melon and also any semi-soft fruit or vegetable will do as well. They also can eat shrimp, shrimp pellets and flake fish food. They can become aggressive if their hiding spot is taken by other hiding fish, such as Brown Knifefish, Rope Fish, and Tire Track eels.
---
The Bandaraya Fish and Food Production in Indonesia
Indonesia is an archipelago with abundant biodiversity. Natural resources spread within the archipelago have a wide variety both in its kinds as well as potentials. Indonesian waters are estimated to take about 5,8 million square kilometres wide with 81.000 km coastal length, including its Exclusive Economic Zone. In general Indonesian waters are 13,7 million hectares wide and its Maximum Sustainable Yield reaches 900.000 tons/year with 400.000 tons (45%) of use in 2001 (Dahuri, 2003).
Various kinds of aquatic biota have been used to meet the needs for protein following the national standards for nutrition. However, the national fish consumption rate is still relatively low, which is 21,7 kg/capita/year. Therefore in 2005, the Indonesian Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries targeted an increasing rate if fish consumption up to 30 kg/capita/year (Dahuri, 2003). The low rate of national fish consumption was derived from surveys to the population in general, thus more likely the numbers were distorted from reality. Certain areas may have very high fish consumption rate up to 1 kg/capita/year, while areas which are distant from the coast may not consume fish on a daily basis. Such distinction occurs because of a disparity in distribution, mainly on availability of fresh yields. However the survey also revealed that despite its apparent location to the sea, fish consumption may not be the main diet for locals.
The survey showed that fish consumption requires impractical methods in terms of preparation and serving, piscine, expensive, causing digestion problems, lack of product diversification, lack of knowledge on nutrition and its health advantages as well as trauma from allergies or even lack of yield optimization.
Sucker Fish (Liposarcus pardalis) or Bandaraya fish in Malay and Sapu-Sapu fish in Indonesia is one example of fishery commodity which has not been optimized. Sucker fish is considered a pest for other freshwater fish in terms of habitat as well as food competition. It is also known to disturb or even destroy other fishes' spawning environment. It is highly adaptable and has a superior reproduction mechanism, thus making it survive in difficult environment yet dominating the habitat (Prihardhyanto, 1995).
Rivers in Jakarta and Bogor are known for its rich potential of Sucker fish and almost all of it are not cultivated. The need to increase fish consumption relates to the availability of processed products as well as its affordability.
----
A Tale From Gajah Wong Riverside
Mas Sugeng lives in a village called Ngoto, Bantul. His hobby is to go fishing at the river, especially at Gajah Wong, because it is closer than the River Code. At times of unemployment he hunts for Sucker fishes for the family's regular diet. He mentioned that Sucker fishes are tastier and more savory compared to the large catfish which are can be found at the fish vendors.
Unlike most rivers in Semarang or Jakarta, the habitat of Gajah Wong River is also not too polluted, so it is safe to consume the fish. If the fishes had been cultivated in a pond and if they had been fed regularly, the yield would be even better in terms of hygiene and flavor. Sucker Fish is considered poisonous and it also has an unpleasant stigma over its physical features.
-----
The Experiment Production
Initially, we started to cook with Sucker fish which I bought in PASTY bird and tropical fish market, together with Ibu Wiraswati Yuliani, a housewife with great interest in cooking who runs a small business. Mas Sugeng is in charge of scaling because he is the experienced.
The ingredients for 50 packs of crackers with the size of 20 x 18 cm and 25 gram of weight are; 500 gram of starch, 500 gram of suckerfish meat, cooking oil, garlic, salt and seasoning.
----
Analyzing The Suckerfish Cracker in a Food Laboratory
To figure out the potential dangers for someone's health and a well-nourished body, the content of the substances contained in the cracker had to be analyzed in a food laboratory. There are two kinds of material (sample) to be analyzed: raw crackers and fried crackers. The first test is a proximate analysis and the second one is a food durability analysis. Both materials were analyzed in a food laboratory called Chem-Mix Primary belonging to a food company in Bantul, Yogyakarta.
From the results of this analysis reveal the levels of water content, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, carbohydrates, energy and iron. The most dangerous iron type which is banned by the government is lead (Pb). It could not be detected in the laboratory tests. These results prove that not all Sucker Fishes living in the river are contaminated with hazardous substances. Here are the details of the test results:
----
Ready To Serve
Packaging designed with the serving size are enough to consume a meal. Package size is 12 x 18 cm with a weight of 25 grams. Packaging design is silk-screened on heavy plastic to keep the durability of food contents. On the rear side it features information of ingredients and nutrient content as follows:
Ingredients:
Sucker fish meat, sago powder, egg, flavored seasoning (non MSG), salt, garlic, water and vegetable oil.
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: 25 gram
Servings per container: 1
——————————————————————————————————-
Amount per Serving
Total Energy: 110 kkal
Energy From Fat: 36 kkal
——————————————————————————————————-
Total Fat: 4 gram, 7% AKG*
Protein: 4 gram, 8% AKG*
Total Carbohydrate: 15 gram, 5% AKG*
——————————————————————————————————-
*Percent daily value based on a 2000 calorie diet.
Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.
---
Plecos, when introduced to an aquarium, will often find a permanent resting place (under or inside an ornament or rock, for example) to spend most of their time. This becomes a “home” for the plecostomus. If there are no hiding places, they will sleep in the corner of their tank.
Some fish keepers have trouble housing them in heavily planted aquariums because some plecostomus thrash their tails to develop a “well” in the gravel of the aquarium. It is often necessary to replant aquarium plants that they dislodge.
Diet
Plecos are omnivores. They are not picky eaters. In planted aquariums they will eat any food left behind by other fish as well as naturally growing algae in the tank. They have also been known to have a taste for discus mucus. In tanks without live plants, their diet can be supplemented with sinking fish food, usually algae wafers readily available from a pet store.
Although the plecostomus is a known common algae sucker, it requires more than just pellets and tank algae to eat. It should also be fed algae wafers, zucchini, cucumber, lettuces, peas, melon and also any semi-soft fruit or vegetable will do as well. They also can eat shrimp, shrimp pellets and flake fish food. They can become aggressive if their hiding spot is taken by other hiding fish, such as Brown Knifefish, Rope Fish, and Tire Track eels.
---
The Bandaraya Fish and Food Production in Indonesia
Indonesia is an archipelago with abundant biodiversity. Natural resources spread within the archipelago have a wide variety both in its kinds as well as potentials. Indonesian waters are estimated to take about 5,8 million square kilometres wide with 81.000 km coastal length, including its Exclusive Economic Zone. In general Indonesian waters are 13,7 million hectares wide and its Maximum Sustainable Yield reaches 900.000 tons/year with 400.000 tons (45%) of use in 2001 (Dahuri, 2003).
Various kinds of aquatic biota have been used to meet the needs for protein following the national standards for nutrition. However, the national fish consumption rate is still relatively low, which is 21,7 kg/capita/year. Therefore in 2005, the Indonesian Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries targeted an increasing rate if fish consumption up to 30 kg/capita/year (Dahuri, 2003). The low rate of national fish consumption was derived from surveys to the population in general, thus more likely the numbers were distorted from reality. Certain areas may have very high fish consumption rate up to 1 kg/capita/year, while areas which are distant from the coast may not consume fish on a daily basis. Such distinction occurs because of a disparity in distribution, mainly on availability of fresh yields. However the survey also revealed that despite its apparent location to the sea, fish consumption may not be the main diet for locals.
The survey showed that fish consumption requires impractical methods in terms of preparation and serving, piscine, expensive, causing digestion problems, lack of product diversification, lack of knowledge on nutrition and its health advantages as well as trauma from allergies or even lack of yield optimization.
Sucker Fish (Liposarcus pardalis) or Bandaraya fish in Malay and Sapu-Sapu fish in Indonesia is one example of fishery commodity which has not been optimized. Sucker fish is considered a pest for other freshwater fish in terms of habitat as well as food competition. It is also known to disturb or even destroy other fishes' spawning environment. It is highly adaptable and has a superior reproduction mechanism, thus making it survive in difficult environment yet dominating the habitat (Prihardhyanto, 1995).
Rivers in Jakarta and Bogor are known for its rich potential of Sucker fish and almost all of it are not cultivated. The need to increase fish consumption relates to the availability of processed products as well as its affordability.
----
A Tale From Gajah Wong Riverside
Mas Sugeng lives in a village called Ngoto, Bantul. His hobby is to go fishing at the river, especially at Gajah Wong, because it is closer than the River Code. At times of unemployment he hunts for Sucker fishes for the family's regular diet. He mentioned that Sucker fishes are tastier and more savory compared to the large catfish which are can be found at the fish vendors.
Unlike most rivers in Semarang or Jakarta, the habitat of Gajah Wong River is also not too polluted, so it is safe to consume the fish. If the fishes had been cultivated in a pond and if they had been fed regularly, the yield would be even better in terms of hygiene and flavor. Sucker Fish is considered poisonous and it also has an unpleasant stigma over its physical features.
-----
The Experiment Production
Initially, we started to cook with Sucker fish which I bought in PASTY bird and tropical fish market, together with Ibu Wiraswati Yuliani, a housewife with great interest in cooking who runs a small business. Mas Sugeng is in charge of scaling because he is the experienced.
The ingredients for 50 packs of crackers with the size of 20 x 18 cm and 25 gram of weight are; 500 gram of starch, 500 gram of suckerfish meat, cooking oil, garlic, salt and seasoning.
----
Analyzing The Suckerfish Cracker in a Food Laboratory
To figure out the potential dangers for someone's health and a well-nourished body, the content of the substances contained in the cracker had to be analyzed in a food laboratory. There are two kinds of material (sample) to be analyzed: raw crackers and fried crackers. The first test is a proximate analysis and the second one is a food durability analysis. Both materials were analyzed in a food laboratory called Chem-Mix Primary belonging to a food company in Bantul, Yogyakarta.
From the results of this analysis reveal the levels of water content, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, carbohydrates, energy and iron. The most dangerous iron type which is banned by the government is lead (Pb). It could not be detected in the laboratory tests. These results prove that not all Sucker Fishes living in the river are contaminated with hazardous substances. Here are the details of the test results:
----
Ready To Serve
Packaging designed with the serving size are enough to consume a meal. Package size is 12 x 18 cm with a weight of 25 grams. Packaging design is silk-screened on heavy plastic to keep the durability of food contents. On the rear side it features information of ingredients and nutrient content as follows:
Ingredients:
Sucker fish meat, sago powder, egg, flavored seasoning (non MSG), salt, garlic, water and vegetable oil.
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: 25 gram
Servings per container: 1
——————————————————————————————————-
Amount per Serving
Total Energy: 110 kkal
Energy From Fat: 36 kkal
——————————————————————————————————-
Total Fat: 4 gram, 7% AKG*
Protein: 4 gram, 8% AKG*
Total Carbohydrate: 15 gram, 5% AKG*
——————————————————————————————————-
*Percent daily value based on a 2000 calorie diet.
Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.
---
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